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Objective To study the protective effect of Shengxian decoction and the single herb decoction against myocardial injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Methods The H9c2 cells were cultured to establish hypoxia/reoxygenation model. Rats were divided into 8 groups: normal control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation group (model group) and treated groups (Shengxian decoction and the single herb decoction). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes, the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular calcium concentration (Ca2+) were measured. Results Compared with hypoxia/reoxygenation group, the apoptosis rate, ROS activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration were significantly lower in all treated groups (P<0.05). The ROS activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration was decreased by 41.37% and 15.20% in Shengxian decoction group compared to the model group. Conclusion Shengxian decoction and the single herb decoction had protective effect on myocardial injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation.
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Objective@#To explore the characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in the development of alert attention of children aged 6-11 years old.@*Methods@#A total of 144 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in a continuous performance test (CPT, Go/Nogo stimulus task). The latency and amplitude of frontal region cue/uncue-P3 and CNV were analyzed and compared in all age groups.@*Results@#(1)Behavioral comparison among different age groups: correct number(35(31, 38), 37(34, 38.25), 37(34.75, 39), 38(35, 39.25), 39(37.25, 40), 39(39, 40)), correct reaction time((566.88±86.63)ms, (530.10±83.40)ms, (509.17±88.99)ms, (488.31±76.23)ms, (463.45±75.78)ms, (417.24±75.78)ms), the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01). (2)Fz lead ERP characteristics: ①Comparison of cue-CNV and uncue-CNV: 6-year-old group((-8.54±4.56)μV vs (-10.13±6.36)μV), 7-year-old group((-9.20±5.34)μV vs (-11.53±4.29)μV), 8-year-old group((-8.37±4.78)μV vs (-11.35±6.38)μV)in amplitude and 9-year-old group((689.25±268.22)ms vs (826.13±174.62)ms)in latency were significantly different(P<0.05). ②Comparison of cue-P3 and uncue-P3: 6-year-old group((4.29±4.11)μV vs (7.45±3.83)μV), 7-year-old group((4.47±4.71)μV vs (5.82±4.40)μV), 8-year-old group((3.76±3.39)μV vs (6.24±4.91)μV), 9-year-old group((4.27±3.57)μV vs (5.93±3.08)μV), 11-year-old group((4.24±4.66)μV vs (6.13±4.42)μV)in amplitude were significantly different(P<0.05). ③Longitudinal comparison among age groups: the latency of cue-CNV in 9-year-old group and 11-year-old group were shorter, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The amplitudes of cue-CNV and cue-P3 in 10-year-old group were shorter than those in other age groups(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#With the increase of age, the reaction time of school-age children shortened and the correct rate improved.The age of 9-10 may be the high-speed period of the development for brain network on vigilant attention and psychological prediction which may be related to the maturation and development of frontal cortex.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in the development of alert attention of children aged 6-11 years old.Methods A total of 144 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in a continuous performance test (CPT,Go/Nogo stimulus task).The latency and amplitude of frontal region cue/uncue-P3 and CNV were analyzed and compared in all age groups.Results (1)Behavioral comparison among different age groups:correct number(35 (31,38),37 (34,38.25),37 (34.75,39),38(35,39.25),39(37.25,40),39(39,40)),correct reaction time ((566.88± 86.63) ms,(530.10±83.40) ms,(509.17±88.99)ms,(488.31±76.23)ms,(463.45±75.78)ms,(417.24±75..78)ms),the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.01).(2) Fz lead ERP characteristics:①Comparison of cueCNV and uncue-CNV:6-year-old group((-8.54±4.56) μV vs (-10.13±6.36) μV),7-year-old group ((-9.20±5.34) μV vs (-11.53±4.29) μV),8-year-old group((-8.37±4.78) μV vs (-11.35±6.38) μV) in amplitude and 9-year-old group((689.25±268.22) ms vs (826.13± 174.62) ms) in latency were significantly different (P＜0.05).(②)Comparison of cue-P3 and uncue-P3:6-year-old group((4.29±4.11) μV vs (7.45±3.83) μV),7-year-old group((4.47±4.71) μV vs (5.82±4.40) μV),8-year-old group((3.76± 3.39) μV vs (6.24 ± 4.91) μV),9-year-old group ((4.27 ± 3.57) μV vs (5.93 ± 3.08) μV),11-year-old group ((4.24±4.66) μV vs (6.13 ±4.42) μV) in amplitude were significantly different (P＜ 0.05).③Longitudinal comparison among age groups:the latency of cue-CNV in 9-year-old group and 11-year-old group were shorter,and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).The amplitudes of cue-CNV and cue-P3 in 10-year-old group were shorter than those in other age groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion With the increase of age,the reaction time of school-age children shortened and the correct rate improved.The age of 9-10 may be the highspeed period of the development for brain network on vigilant attention and psychological prediction which may be related to the maturation and development of frontal cortex.
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OBJECTIVE： To promote the implementation of the pre-prescription review work， and to ensure the rational drug use of patients. METHODS： With the idea of PDCA （Plan， Do， Check， Action） cycle management， the phased improvement of three PDCA cycles was gradually implemented in the operation of the pre-prescription review system， aiming at the establishment of the working mode of the prescription review work， the improvement of the rules of knowledge base in the review system and the improvement of the ability of pharmacists to review prescriptions. The operation results of the system were evaluated by comparing the irrational prescription rate of outpatient pharmacies before and after the operation of pre-prescription review system. RESULTS： Through adopting the prescription review mode of “rigid” and “flexible” interception， regular revision of knowledge base rules， regular training and examination of prescription pharmacists， pre-prescription review system operated smoothly， and the pre-prescription review work was carried out in the process of continuous improvement. In the three PDCA cycles， the irrational rate of prescriptions decreased significantly， such as after the first PDCA cycle， the irrational rate of TCM outpatient prescriptions decreased from 22.0％ （1 393/6 332） in Jan. 2017 to 7.4％ （416/5 627） in Jun. 2017； after the second PDCA cycle， the irrational rate of outpatient prescriptions in hospital decreased from 4.87％ （5 244/107 691） in Mar. 2018 to 2.21％ （2 219/100 412） in Aug. 2018. After the third PDCA cycle， the percentage of over-treatment course prescriptions in total prescriptions decreased from 16.97％ （15 728/92 684） in Jun. 2018 to 5.55％ （5 394/97 275） in Sept. 2018. CONCLUSIONS： The pre-prescription review system can effectively intercept and interfere with irrational prescriptions， and PDCA cycle management can effectively promote the operation of the pre-prescription review work.
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OBJECTIVE： To improve the proper use of proton pump inhibitors （PPIs） and develop prescription pre-review. METHODS： Among “Hospital Self-Maintenance Rule Base” of “Rational use of drug” in our hospital， according to the application of PPIs in our hospital， the dosage of PPIs under different indications， drug combination， age range and taboo level for children were refined to promote the prescription pre-review. After refinement， the qualified rate of PPIs prescription post-evaluation among outpatient prescriptions， successful rate of pharmacist intervention during pre-prescription review and unqualified prescription rate of each item for 8 PPIs （including “interaction” “clinical diagnosis does not conform to medication” “repeated administration” “inappropriate usage”） were analyzed statistically from Jan. to Aug. 2018. The effects of fined setting were evaluated. RESULTS： From Jan. 2018 to Aug. 2018， the qualified rate of PPIs prescription post-evaluation gradually increased from 81.94％ to 95.10％； successful rate of pharmacist intervention during pre-prescription review increased from 32.75％ to 91.01％； the rate of unqualified prescriptions for 4 items decreased significantly month by month. CONCLUSIONS： The fine setting of the rules for the use of proton pump inhibitors in our hospital has effectively carried out the pre-examination of outpatient prescriptions and promoted the rational use of PPIs.
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OBJECTIVE:To optimize the workflow of electronic pharmaceutical system(ePS),and improve the work efficiency of outpatient pharmacy. METHODS:The problems about the application of ePS on tollying in outpatient pharmacy of our hospital were analyzed. The improvement measures were put forward and implemented. The effectiveness was summarized by evaluating relevant work indicators 6 months before and after optimization. RESULTS:Referring to main problems during the application of ePS on tollying as repetition of tallying drugs,complexity of stocking checking,low efficiency in the management of drug expiry date,deviation in the tracking of"batch/expiry",a series of measures were carried out in outpatient pharmacy of our hospital,including optimizing tallying process,updating tracking process,adding the function of alerting the near-expiry drug, etc.The system optimization shortened the time of replenishment(26.32 s vs. 7.78 s,improving by 3.38 times)and stock checking [(165.50±5.75)s vs.(146.70±4.54)s,shortening by 11.36%],realized accurate tracing of drug information"batch/expiry"and improved drug management [(58.00±1.88)s vs.(18.00±1.23)s,shortening by 68.97%]. CONCLUSIONS:The optimization of ePS on tallying in our hospital improves work efficiency of pharmacists and guarantees the accuracy of tracing drug"batch/expiry".
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OBJECTIVE:To improve the level of rational drug use,and to reduce the workload of clinical pharmacists. METH-ODS:Established“Intelligent Management and Solution for Clinical Rational Drug Use”of our hospital was introduced,including post-prescription review(all prescriptions review)system, self-maintenance system for rational drug use knowledge base,pre-pre-scription review (rational drug use real-time review) early warning system. The effects of intelligent system were evaluated. RE-SULTS & CONCLUSIONS:After the application of the system,the following aspects could be achieved,including“all prescrip-tions review”,“multi-prescriptions/longitudinal review”,system knowledge base real-time update and autonomous definition of re-view rules,effective communication and intervention between physicians and pharmacists before printing prescription by Yaozhidao instant messaging system. Through related trial evaluation,the proportion of false positive prescriptions decreased by 17.65% after 4 months of the application of the system;drug consultation prescriptions review average score of outpatient pharmacists increased from 81 to 94.85;the time of prescription review decreased by 4.72-5.46 times. Through mandatory interception of unqualified pre-scriptions,severe warning,timely prompt and pharmacists’intervention,the rate of unqualified prescriptions pre-reviewed by the system in respiration department decreased from 32% in Jan. 2015 and 21% in May to 4.62% in Dec. So,the application of the system promotes rational drug use in outpatient department,reduces the workload of pharmacists and ensures the safety of drug use comprehensively.